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| Recommended resources for veterinary and animal science |
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Biosecurity |
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Information Gateways
University of Canterbury (NZ): Resources for Biosecurity
Published by the University of Canterbury Library. Provides links to government and non government biosecurity resources from New Zealand, Australia, and the United States.
Center for Infectious Disease Research & Policy
CIDRAP, based at the University of Minnesota, aims to "prevent illness and death from infectious diseases through epidemiologic research and the rapid translation of scientific information into real-world practical applications and solutions". Its website provides links to resources in the areas of biosecurity, bioterrorism, and food safety and provides regular updates and news items.
General Resources
The University of Sydney Library Catalogue
Recommended subject headings on the University of Sydney Library Catalogue are listed below. Please check all related subject headings for comprehensive results.
Biosecurity Resources
Published by Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences. Includes documents on the fundamentals of biosecurity, agroterrorism, risk assessment tables (eg. contagious organisms, Johnes disease, feed quality and storage) and a series of powerpoint presentations in the areas of feed, foot and mouth, reproduction and foreign animal diseases. Also features a table of links covering general farm biosecurity, biosecurity guidelines for agriculture related events, beef, dairy and pork biosecurity.
National Biosecurity Resource Center for Animal Health Emergencies
Hosted by Purdue University. Includes online access to Purdue articles from the Journal of Swine Health and Production. Also includes biosecurity and security guides for pork producers and resources relating to disinfection, US regulations covering carcass disposal, and reportable diseases in US states. Link to an online version of the 6th edition of Foreign Animal Diseases, produced by the Foreign Animal Diseases Committee of the United States Animal Health Association
Western Institute for Food Safety and Security
The WIFSS is based at the University of California at Davis. Its mission is to "conduct research that will enhance food safety in all sectors of the food systems' continuum from environment to consumer". The website provides details of the institutes research as well as links to other resources. Parts of the site are under construction.
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
Part of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. The Protocol seeks to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology. The site acts as a biosafety clearinghouse to facilitate the exchange of information on living modified organisms and to assist countries in the implementation of the Protocol.
ProMED-mail
ProMED-mail, the Program for Monitoring
Emerging Diseases, is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases. It is "an Internet-based reporting system dedicated to rapid and global dissemination of information about outbreaks of infectious diseases that affect human health. ProMED-mail uses electronic communications to provide up-to-date and reliable news on disease outbreaks around the world, seven days a week".
Agricultural, plant and food biosecurity
Food Standards Australia New Zealand
A bi-national independent statutory authority that develops food standards for composition, labelling and contaminants, including microbiological limits, that apply to all foods produced or imported for sale in Australia and New Zealand. Includes information on standards development, recalls and surveillance and primary production and processing standards. Also includes recall alerts and fact sheets.
Plant Health Australia
Plant Health Australia is a peak national coordinating body for plant health in Australia. Research areas include industry biosecurity planning, national surveillance, and development of a plant pest database. Its website publishes fact sheets, research documents, threat summary tables and issues papers
CIDRAP: Agricultural biosecurity selected reading
Part of the CIDRAP website, this section provides online and print resources. These include publications from Nature, the American Phytopathological Society, Vaccine and the Journal of Homeland Security.
CIDRAP: Food biosecurity selected reading
Part of the CIDRAP website, this section provides online and print resources. These include publications from American Phytopathological Society, J Am Vet Med Assoc, Lancet, Nature, US Food and Drug Administration, US Food Safety and Inspection Service.
Codex Alimentarius Commission
Codex Alimentarius Commission develops food standards, guidelines and codes of practice under the Joint Food and Agriculture Organisation / World Health Organisation Food Standards Programme. The site includes reports, standards, pesticide and veterinary drug maximum residue limits and food additives specifications. It also includes publications on food hygiene, labelling, import / export and certification systems, and guidelines for organically produced foods. The site links to the Joint Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), the Joint Meetings on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) and the Joint Meetings on Microbiological Risk Assessment (JEMRA).
Biosecurity in food and agriculture
Document produced by the FAO Committee on Agriculture, Sixteenth Session, Rome, 26-30 March 2001. This paper considers the interrelationships between food safety, and animal and plant life and health in the context of cooperation and coordination at both the international and national levels. It discusses international and national frameworks, the importance of coordination and the possible role of the FAO in biosecurity in food and agriculture.
Biosafety Issues Related to Biotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security.
Agricultural Trade Fact Sheet published by the FAO. In this paper, biosafety is considered in relation to the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food and agriculture. In agriculture, (including animal husbandry, fishery and forestry), the concept of biosafety involves assessing and monitoring the effects of possible gene flow, competitiveness and the effects on other organisms, as well as possible deleterious effects of the products on health of animals and humans.
Animal biosecurity
Animal Health Australia
AHA is a not-for-profit corporation established by business and government. Its website includes information on programs concerning animal health services, animal diseases surveillance and emergency animal disease preparedness.
AUSVETPLAN
AUSVETPLAN is a series of technical response plans that describe the proposed Australian approach to an exotic disease incursion. The documents provide guidance based on analysis, linking policy, strategies, implementation, coordination and emergency-management plans. There are individual disease strategies, and manuals concerning operational procedures, enterprise, management and wild animal. Documents are available online.
NSW animal health emergency sub-plan
Provides details of control and coordination arrangements in response to an animal health emergency in New South Wales.
Accreditation Program for Australian Veterinarians (APAV)
Published by Animal Health Australia. APAV is a national program designed to integrate private veterinary practitioners into the national animal health system. Includes information on recognised operational programs for accreditation (such as market assurance programs for sheep, goats, cattle and alpaca).
Animal Health in Australia Report
An annual overview of animal health in Australia published by Animal Health Australia. Includes animal health status, livestock disease surveillance, aquatic animal health and consumer protection. Full text available online.
Animal Health Services Program
The Animal Health Services Program is a core program of Animal Health Australia focussing on national infrastructure issues. The website includes information on the National Animal Health Performance Standards, the National Laboratory Project, the Animal Health Infrastructure Project, the Required Skills Project and the Accreditation Program for Australian Veterinarians
Animal Health Surveillance Quarterly Reports
Published by Animal Health Australia, these reports give a topical summary of animal health matters for the quarter. Each issue includes several topics such as the Australian Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre, Newcastle disease outbreaks and the National Arborvirus Monitoring program
Emergency Animal Disease Preparedness Program
Emergency Animal Disease Preparedness Program aims to ensure that the Australian animal health system is well prepared in the event of outbreaks of emergency animal diseases. The website gives details of its various activities and programs and makes some of its publications available online.
Animal Health Surveillance
Quarterly magazine published by NSW Department of Primary Industries. Provides updates on animal health and disease and the Department's animal health surveillance activities and projects.
National Center for Animal Health Surveillance (NCAHS)
The National Center for Animal Health Surveillance is divided into two distinct organisations . The National Surveillance Unit (NSU) National Surveillance Unit (NSU) devoted solely to animal disease surveillance and the National Animal Health Monitoring System which was has the aim of collecting, analysing, and disseminating data on animal health, management, and productivity across the US. The site publishes a vast collection of reports and other publications.
Foreign Animal Diseases "The Gray Book"
Electronic book published by the United States Animal Health Association. Features an alphabetical listing of foreign animal diseases with details of etiology, transmission, clinical signs, diagnosis, and control and eradication for each disease.
Laboratory biosecurity
Sub-Committee on Animal Health Laboratory Standards (SCAHLS)
SCAHLS's role is to "to facilitate the networking between government, CSIRO, private and university animal health laboratories and to establish, implement and monitor professional and technical standards within these laboratories". The website publishes Australian and New Zealand Standard Diagnostic Procedures, The Australian National Quality
Assurance Program, and Guidelines for the Development and Approval of New Diagnostic Tests.
Laboratory Biosafety Manual. 2nd edition (revised 2003)
Electronic textbook published by the World Health Organization. The book aims to provide expert guidance for developing codes of practice for the safe handling of pathogenic microorganisms in laboratories.
Australian organisations
Biosecurity Australia
Biosecurity Australia assesses quarantine risks associated with import proposals for animals and plants and their products. Its website publishes plant and animal import risk analyses, international standards and obligations, exotic pests, and disease and weed fact sheets. It also publishes animal and plant biosecurity policy memoranda, policy revisions and scientific reviews, and the Import Risk Analysis Process Handbook.
Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS)
AQIS "provides quarantine inspection for the arrival of international passengers, cargo, mail, animals and plants or their products into Australia, and inspection and certification for a range of animal and plant products exported from Australia". Its website includes import, export and quarantine legislation, forms and documents for import and export activities relating to animals, biological products, food, plants and grains.
Australia's Biosecurity Health Response
Published by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, this website is designed to provide information about the response by Australia's health authorities to the threat of the release of a chemical or biological agent in Australia.
Animal Health Australia
AHA is a not-for-profit corporation established by business and government. Its website includes information on programs concerning animal health services, animal diseases surveillance and emergency animal disease preparedness.
Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
AFFA provides customer services to the agricultural, food, fisheries and forest industries, and addresses the challenges of natural resource management. In addition to federal authorities each state government has its own department responsible for biosecurity matters these are:
Australian Biosecurity CRC
The Australian Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre's mission is to "protect Australia's public health, livestock, wildlife and economic resources through research and education that strengthens the national capability to detect, diagnose, identify, monitor, assess, predict and respond to emerging infectious disease threats which impact on national and regional biosecurity."
Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority
The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) is the National Registration Authority for Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals. The APVMA operates the national system which evaluates, registers and regulates agricultural and veterinary chemicals. Is website includes information on registering, reviewing, compliance, reporting and permits. It also includes product labelling codes and requirements and guidelines for registering agricultural and veterinary chemicals.
International organisations
World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)
The OIE seeks to guarantee the transparency of animal disease status worldwide, collect, analyse and disseminate veterinary scientific information, provide expertise for the control of animal diseases and guarantee the sanitary safety of world trade by developing sanitary rules for international trade in animals and animal products. Publications include the International Animal Health Code, the Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines, the International Aquatic Animal Health Code and the Diagnostic Manual for Aquatic Animal Diseases. The OIE also publishes weekly, bimonthly and annual compilations of Disease Information bulletins.
Invasive Species Specialist Group
The Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) is part of the Species Survival Commission (SSC) of The World Conservation Union (IUCN). The ISSG aims to reduce threats to natural ecosystems and the native species they contain by increasing awareness of invasive alien species, and of ways to prevent, control or eradicate them. Includes a Global Invasive Species Database, newsletter and discussion list.
New Zealand Biosecurity Institute
The NZBI's mission is to "preserve and protect New Zealand's natural resources from the adverse impacts of invasive pests". The site includes information for travellers, importers, producers, schools and gardeners. Includes information on exotic pests and diseases and pest identification. It also publishes proceedings of its seminars and the selected articles from its quarterly magazine Protect.
Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries-Biosecurity New Zealand
The MAF Biosecurity Authority mission statement is to "protect New Zealand's unique biodiversity and facilitate exports by managing risks to plant and animal health and animal welfare". Its website publishes information and policies on imports, exports, pests and diseases, and sanitary and phytosanitary measures. It also regularly publishes Biosecurity and Surveillance magazines.
The International Society for Infections Diseases
"ISID is committed to improving the care of patients with infectious diseases, the training of clinicians and researchers in infectious diseases and microbiology, and the control of infectious diseases around the world."
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
"APHIS is responsible for protecting and promoting U.S. agricultural health, administering the Animal Welfare Act, and carrying out wildlife damage management activities".
Its website publishes a large range of resources on food safety, animal health, and surveillance.
National Centre for Aquatic Biodiversity and Biosecurity (NCABB)
The NCABB was established by the National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research to facilitate access to information on freshwater and marine biodiversity and biosecurity.
It publishes reports and news items as well as its newsletter, Aquatic Biodiversity & Biosecurity
Sanitary and phytosanitary agreements
What is the SPS Agreement?
This is the full text of the World Trade Organisation agreement on applying sanitary and phytosanitary measures to protect health of people, animals and plants, while facilitating trade. It is published on the web by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
WTO: Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
The World Trade Organization website publishes the full text of SPS related papers and documents, including a handbook on applying transparency provisions. It also provides links to member governments’ SPS web sites and related organisations.
World Trade Organisation dispute settlement: lessons learned from the salmon case
Paper delivered by Digby Gascoine of Biosecurity Australia at the Fifth Annual Conference on International Trade Education and Research, held in Melbourne on 26th and 27th October, 2000. The author discusses this case in which Australia defended its prohibition on the importation of fresh, chilled and frozen salmon. This measure was found not to conform to obligations under the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures.
International Phytosanitary Portal
This is the official web site for the International Plant Protection Convention. Includes the Convention, international standards for phytosanitary measures and contact details for national and regional plant protection organisations.
International Plant Protection Convention
Full text of the International Plant Protection Convention (New revised text approved by the FAO Conference at its 29th session - November 1997). The Convention aims to prevent the spread of plant pests and promote control measures and includes protection of natural flora. Provisions cover conveyances, containers, storage places and soil.
Public web databases
PHYTO
PHYTO is AQIS’s plant and plant product export conditions database. It "contains information about the conditions to export plants and plant products, including fruit, vegetables, seeds, grains, cut flowers and timber from Australia". As well as a search function it also features an alerts and whats changed section.
ANIMEX
"ANIMEX is AQIS's live animal and reproductive material export conditions database. It contains import conditions for live animals and reproductive material for many countries as well as information about Australian export requirements, including disease freedom status, testing and treatments, health certification, transport and the need for permits". The database can be searched by country, species, or keyword.
ICON
ICON is AQIS's import conditions database. It contains "information about Australian import conditions for more than 18,000 foreign plant, animal, mineral and human commodities" and can be used to "determine if a commodity intended for import to Australia needs a quarantine permit and/or treatment or if there are any other quarantine prerequisites". As well as a search function it also features an alerts section containing hot topics or major changes to AQIS import requirements.
National Animal Health Information System
Published by Animal Health Australia. Collects, collates, analyses and manages summary information on Australia’s animal health status to support trade in animal commodities and meet Australia’s international reporting obligations. Also provides information on animal disease surveillance and control. Includes disease descriptions, epidemiology, regulations and control measures.
Research databases and indexes
Recommended research databases and indexes for this area of study are: CAB Abstracts, MEDLINE, AGRICOLA and Web of Science.
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