Links
Recommended resources for veterinary and animal science

Pain

General Resources

University of Sydney Library Catalogue
Recommended subject headings on the University of Sydney Library Catalogue appear below. Please check all related headings for comprehensive results.

• pain in animals
• analgesics
• anesthesia
• anesthetics
• animal experimentation.

A Virtual Pocket Dictionary of Pain Terms
This annotated listing of basic definitions was developed by the International Association for the Study of Pain to sustain a convenient resource of pain terminology that updates and evolves as work in the field progresses. Terms are presented in alphabetical order.

Analgesia Methods
Located on the Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine Anesthesia Section Home Page, this site reviews the current methods of providing analgesia including local, regional and systemic analgesia.

Proceedings of the Mayday Conference: A Cross-Species Approach to Pain and Analgesia
Published on the web by IVIS. Summaries of research conducted by scientists attending this international workshop, sponsored by the Mayday Fund, on pain and analgesia held in Warrenton, Virginia in 2002. Users need to register with IVIS to access material. Registration is free.

A Reference Source for the Recognition & Alleviation of Pain & Distress in Animals
Published by the Animal Welfare Information Center, US Department of Agriculture in October 2000. An expansive bibliography of pain and distress publications.

Pain
This article by Cindy Seiwert was published on the 31 August, 2001 by BioMedNet. It gives an overview of what pain is, what we know about pain, the brain mechanisms underlying pain and much more. There are links to other pain sites throughout the article. HMS Beagle is freely available, however a brief registration is required to access the material.

Laboratory Animals

Humane Society: Pain & Distress Report
"The Pain & Distress Report, published by The Humane Society of the United States, is sent to Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUCs) and other related entities on a quarterly basis to provide up-to-date information on pain and distress in laboratory animals." The full text of the Report is published in .pdf format.

Altweb Pain Management Database
A database including information about anaesthesia and analgesia for most commonly used laboratory animals, including: rats, mice, primates, dogs, cats, rabbits, pigs, guinea pigs, birds, sheep, fish, and exotic species. The database was developed by Tim Allen of the Animal Welfare Information Center (U.S. Department of Agriculture). This database covers the period 1990 to the present, and is updated quarterly. Records have been drawn from MEDLINE (with records from TOXLINE as well), AGRICOLA, and AGRIS.

Pre-surgical Analgesia
A brief update on analgesics and analgesic techniques for laboratory animals from the newsletter of Research Animal Resources Department of the University of Minnesota.

Experiment Guidelines for the Prevention, Assessment and Relief of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals
The information contained in this site was developed by the Research Animal Resources Department of the University of Minnesota. It provides guidelines for investigators, animal husbandry and veterinary staff for the care of laboratory animals and the delivery of analgesia.

Pain Management and Humane Endpoints
The proceedings of a 1998 meeting between the Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, the National Institutes of Health Office for Protection from Research Risks, the National Institutes of Health Office for Animal Care and Use and The National Academy of Sciences Institute for Laboratory Animal Research. A series of papers focusing on the use of laboratory animals and pain management, including ethics and policy.

Pain - Assessment, Alleviation and Avoidance in Laboratory Animals.
A Fact sheet published by ANZCCART in .pdf format which discuss the recognition of pain experienced by laboratory animals, how to assess pain and how to administer pain relief. Written by Paul Flecknell at the University of Newcastle, UK.

Non-Laboratory Animals

Epidural Analgesia
Located on the Michigan State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Anesthesia Section Home Page, this site gives a step-by-step guide to epidural anaesthesia in the dog with photographs and written instructions. The page also incorporates materials required and typical effects.

Human Resources

The Pain of Being Sick: implications of immune -to-brain communication for understanding pain.
Published in Annual Review of Psychology, Vol 51, citation 4. A full text review article by L.R Watkins and S.F Maier from the Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado. The article looks at the pain facilitatory effects created by the immune system. Pro inflammatory cytokiness are also discussed in relation to the body, brain and spinal cord. This article may only be viewed in electronic format by staff and students of the University of Sydney on campus or via remote access

Brain Mechanisms of Pain
A research overview published by Dr. Robert Coghill, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, North Carolina, USA. Includes functional imaging details and links to video clips of the brain and further information on acute and chronic pain mechanisms.

Imaging Pain: Science and Technology
An article from the APS (American Pain Society) Bulletin on a three day meeting held in March 1996 entitled "Imaging Pain: Science and Technology". "The meeting focused primarily on the utilization of functional imaging techniques in the study of the pain system and understanding the technology of functional imaging and the various data analysis techniques currently in use."

Pain and Memory
An article from Pain: Clinical Updates' (Vol. VII, Issue 1, 1999) published by the International Association for the Study of Pain. The connection between pain and memory and its relation to post-injury pain hypersensitivity, phantom perceptions and preemptive analgesia are discussed.

Pain
A MEDLINEplus Health Information page published by the National Library of Medicine. It covers a range of pain related topics including latest news, clinical trials, research, diagnosis/symptoms and treatment.

Relief of Pain and Suffering
A series of articles and illustrations on pain research and its management throughout history. The Web site, published by the University of California, was prepared in conjunction with the Symposium, "Pain and Suffering in History - Narratives of Science, Medicine and Culture", held on the 13 -14 March 1998.

National Institutes of Health: Gender and Pain
A Conference held in Bethesda, Maryland, USA in April 1998, which focused on the way men, and women handle pain differently.

A look at pain
Published by the Canadian Broadcasting Company to accompany its television documentary, A Disease Called Pain. Addresses issues such as what is pain?, why do we feel pain?, types of pain, how pain is treated, and living with pain. Requires Flash software, freely downloadable from the site, to be viewed.

Organisations

International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management
The International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management is an organisation "dedicated to promoting, enhancing, and advancing pain management in animals" The site provides information on the signs, causes and treatment of pain for various species including dogs, cats, horses, birds, exotics, farm animals, and domestic animals.

International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP)
IASP is an international non-profit professional organisation dedicated to furthering research on pain and improving the care of patients with pain.

American Academy of Pain Management
Published by the Academy, this site contains information about the organisation, its activities and pain management. Information on the site is of interest to both Professionals and pain patients.

Research databases and indexes

Recommended research databases and indexes for this area of study are: CAB Abstracts, MEDLINE, BIOSIS Previews, TOXLINE and Web of Science.